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Table 2 Information of perceived customer benefits dimension

From: Identifying the value co-creation behavior of virtual customer environments using a hybrid expert-based DANP model in the bicycle industry

Criteria

Definition

(b1) Learning

Benefits derived from better understanding and knowledge about the bicycle, the underlying technologies, and the usage.

(b2) Social integrative

Benefits derived from the social and relational bonds with other VCE members developed over time, such as enhancement of a sense of belonging or social identity.

(b3) Personal integrative

By contributing bicycle-related knowledge and problem-solving skills, members achieve a sense of self-efficacy and elevate personal expertise-related status or reputation.

(b4) Hedonic

Considerable pleasures or enjoyments form interacting with one another concerning common interested topics.