Comparison of different approaches on example-based learning for novice and proficient learners

Table 2 Means (SD) for prior knowledge, mental effort, difficulty, exercise, and test performance per condition

	Example-problem pairs				Simultaneous example and problem
	Mathematics		Business		Mathematics		Business
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
Prior knowledge (maximum 6)	3.60	1.22	2.25	1.26	3.64	1.36	2.36	0.99
Mental effort in learning phase (maximum 72)	41.87	16.31	53.97	12.39	41.04	17.41	50.36	14.59
Difficulty in learning phase (maximum 72)	34.54	11.46	51.04	13.15	36.6	15.75	44.54	12.57
Mental effort in test tasks (maximum 54)	31.45	13.14	37.95	10.95	27.20	15.22	40.04	10.82
Difficulty in test phase (maximum 54)	24.92	10.77	34.09	9.36	24.32	13.64	37.63	11.63
Exercise score (maximum 16)	12.27	2.65	10.22	4.03	13.38	1.64	12.93	2.15
Near-transfer test score (maximum 16)	12.54	3.20	8.82	3.76	12.36	3.54	10.41	4.03
Far-transfer test score (maximum 8)	7.12	1.31	4.93	2.66	6.94	1.40	5.54	2.27
Total test score (maximum 24)	19.67	4.40	13.75	6.10	19.30	4.40	15.95	3.68