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Fig. 4 | Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences

Fig. 4

From: Improving clustering performance using independent component analysis and unsupervised feature learning

Fig. 4

Visualization of the USPS clusters using multidimensional scaling. (MDS). MDS is performed on the similarity matrix of the observations, which is also used in GNMF clustering. a Clusters based on RICA extracted features are more distinct and homogeneous. b Clustering on the pixels only after applying L2-normalization did not provide sufficient separation of the clusters

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