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Table 1 Notations

From: A provably secure cluster-based hybrid hierarchical group key agreement for large wireless ad hoc networks

Symbol

Comment

F p

The finite field with cardinality p

E

An EC equation by weierstrass

E(Fp)

An EC-group over Fp

P, Q

EC-points \(\in\) E(Fp)

P + Q

The sum of P and Q

[k]P

The k-th multiple of a point P

\(x_{P}\) (or) \(y_{P}\)

The x and y coordinates of point P respectively

P

The base point of E(Fp)

N

The order of P. Usually, N is a large prime number of bit length ≥ 224

M i

The ith member of the group, \(1 \le i \le n,\) where n the total group members

M n

The last member of the group is the group controller (GC)

C i

The ith cluster, \(1 \le i \le r,\) where r = number of clusters

\(x_{{s_{i} }}\)

The CKs of \(C_{i} ,\;1 \le i \le r\)

CK i

The ith updated CK for new cluster, \(1 \le i \le r\)

\(M_{{i_{j} }}\)

The jth member of ith cluster, \(1 \le i \le r,\;1 \le j \le n\)

\(M_{{i_{l} }}\)

The CH of ith cluster and the last member of that cluster

\(x_{i}\)

The Mi’s private key, an integer belongs to [1,N − 1]

\(x \leftarrow \left[ {N - 1} \right]\)

Pick an integer \(x \in \left[ {N - 1} \right]\)

X i

The Mi’s public key

\(x_{{K_{i,j} }}\)

ECDH common key between ith member Mi and jth member Mj